Studies of the hypoxic response in C. elegans can provide insights into the various strategies that organisms use to cope with changes in environmental oxygen and avoid hypoxic death. Understanding the cellular signaling pathways associated with the hypoxic response can help researchers gain a deeper understanding of disease mechanisms and provide new insights and strategies for disease treatment. CD BioSciences specializes in C. elegans stress analysis research and provides high-quality C. elegans hypoxia analysis services to customers worldwide by utilizing our rich experience in C. elegans research and sophisticated equipment.

Hypoxia in C. elegans

During natural development and homeostasis in the body, when cells and tissues are regularly challenged by low-oxygen conditions is referred to as hypoxia for normal physiological function. Hypoxia results in decreased metabolic rate, increased glycolysis, and cell cycle arrest or slowing. Furthermore, in addition to being affected by changes in normal developmental or environmental conditions, oxygen levels are severely affected by cancer and various cardiorespiratory diseases. In normal cultural conditions, C. elegans can survive in anoxia for about a day, by entering a reversible state known as the suspended animation. As for CO₂ fluctuation, previous studies reveal that the worms show a wide CO₂ tolerance compared to other animals. Other studies have shown that C. elegans avoids high levels of CO₂, and the intensity is suppressed under starvation conditions. As a powerful model organism, C. elegans is used to understand how animals adapt to and survive hypoxia.

Fig.1 A model for lifespan extension by mild inhibition of mitochondrial respiration in C. elegans. (Hwang A B, et al., 20111)

• The C. elegans do not have specific respiratory organs, the cavity of which is filled with fluid allowing rapid exchange of gases across the cells, as opposed to a facilitated respiratory system.
• Moreover, factors known to be referred to as the response to hypoxia are conserved in C. elegans, including the highly conserved hypoxia inducible factor-1 (HIF-1, the ortholog of HIF in humans). The hypoxic environment activates hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (hif-1) in C. elegans, which is similar to humans. This activation plays a central role in tissue repair, ischemia, and cancer.
• In addition, it is easy to culture and genetically manipulate. The C. elegans are ideally suited as a model organism for the study of hypoxic response.

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Reference

1. Hwang A B, Lee S J. Regulation of life span by mitochondrial respiration: the HIF-1 and ROS connection[J]. Aging (Albany NY), 2011, 3(3): 304.

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